Padlock



Dec. 11, 1934. J A. GAHAGAN 1,983,747

PADLOCK Filed NOV. 6, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 HIZa/ ATTORNEY Dec. 11,1934. v V A. GAHAGAN 1,983,747

PADLOCK Filed Nov. 6, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR ATTORN EY PatentedDec. 11, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PADLOCK Application November6, 1928, Serial No. 317,639

14 Claims.

My invention relates to looks and more particularly to a padlock havingan easily removable cylinder, a minimum of moving parts and novelfeatures of strength and safety against illicit opening.

I-Ieretofore it has been possible to open padlocks from the lockedposition without the use of a key by striking sharp blows on the body tojar the bolt out of engagement with the shackle and so open the look. Inmy construction, this is impossible for the reason that, in the lockedposition the bolt is immovable and no amount of jarring or striking willrelease the shackle from engagement with the bolt.

A further advantage is found in the body con struction in that it isstronger and free from plugged holes or large interior openings whichtend to weaken the body Walls. Only three openings are necessary; twofor the shackle and one for the cylinder and beyond this no material istaken from inside the body except the small amount necessary to provideclearance for the bolt travel and this is taken from a portion in whichno weakening effect can possibly occur.

Another feature is the simplicity of the means for holding the cylinderin place and the ease with which it may be removed for replacement,repair or servicing. The cylinder at all times is securely'retained andit is only in the unlocked position when the shackle is free that thecylinder can be taken out and then by the simple operation of receivinga screw through the shackle opening.

Other and further advantages will appear in the following descriptionand drawings which illustrate my invention in one of its preferredforms.

In the drawings:

Fig. l is a sectional elevation in the locked position.

Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation at the time of unlocking.

Fig. 3 is a section through AA of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a section through BB of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a section showing the rectilinear motion of the bolt in theunlocked position.

Fig. 6 is a section through C of Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 shows the assembly of the bolt and spring on the cylinder.

Fig. 8 shows the bolt and cylinder and cylinder retaining means.

Fig. 9 is a sectional elevation through D-D of Fig. 10 showing amodification of my invention.

Fig. 10 is a section through E--E of Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is the same as Fig. 10 with the bolt in the unlocking position.

Fig. 12 is an extended view of the assembly of. cylinder, spring andbolt.

Figs. 13 and 14 show the beveled surfaces on the shackle end.

Fig. 15 is a section through the bolt showing the cylinder retainingmeans and spring.

In Fig. 1 is indicated a padlock having a body or housing 1 in which isheld a shackle 2 by any of the usual means such as a pin 3 projectinginto a recessed portion 4 of the shackle. A compression spring forcesthe shackle out in the unlocking position of Fig. 2. Seated in the body1 is a lock cylinder 6 which may be of the type disclosed in Patent1,514,659 dated November 11, 1924, with a keyway for the key; the keybeing shownat 7 in Fig. 2. This cylinder is a close fit within the bodyas indicated in Fig. 2 and has slots 8 and 9 (Fig. 3) which receive thetumblers 10. Opposite slots'll and 12 are provided to take care of thereverse movement of some or all of the tumblers during insertion orwithdrawal of the key.

Seated upon the end of the cylinder 6 and in the opening 13 of the body,is a bolt having a base 14 with a diameter substantially equal to thatof the cylinder. This bolt is mushroom shaped with a neck 15 and hood16, the latter of which engages without 1'7 of the shackle in thelocking operation. Also, this hood has an opening as at 18in order thatthe cut 17 of the shackle may be released and the shackle moved upwardby spring 5 in the unlocking position. This opening 18 extends throughthe base 14 and provides room on the end of cylinder 6 for the disc orretaining member 19 to be attached by suitable means such as the screw20. The inner end of the cylinder is substantially flush with the bottomsurface of the opening 13 in the body so that disc 19 will rest on thissurface and overhang it. Being prevented from turning about screw 20 byopening 18 in base 14, the ,disc 19 always remains in position andeffectually prevents cylinder 6 from being removed due to theinterference of this disc with the bottom of opening 13.

In the bottom of base 14 is a recess 21 into which projects the cylindercam 22 and which also carries a compression spring 23 (Fig. 7) to actbetween the wall of the recess and the cam. Therefore the bolt as awhole'can move against the spring but cannot move against the cam. Thisis an important safety feature in my lock.

shackleon. the major axis of the body 1.

The whole assembly is held together on the cylinder by the small amountof clearance between the top of the hood 16 and the upper surface ofopening 13 in the body. (Figs. 1 and 2.)

To remove the cylinder 6, the key is inserted to retract the tumblersand to turn the Whole to the unlocking position of Fig. 2. A screwdriveris then 'enteredthrough the shackle opening and screw rer'nove'd to freedisc 19. The cylinder can then be taken out and as base 14 and hood 16of the bolt have no larger diameter than the cylinder, the bolt andspring 23 can follow the cylinder. The small number of parts and theextreme simplicity of cylinder removal make this look easily serviced oraccessible for interchange or removal of parts. It will be seen that thescrew 20 cannot be reached in the locked position of Fig. 1 because theshackle fills the opening and a screwdriver cannot enter. The whole lockis therefore safe from attack in the locked position. To assemble. thecylinder and bolt, the key is inserted in the cylinder, the. bolt andspring placed on the cylinder end. and the. whole placed in the body.Disc 20 is then attached by means of its screw and the. lock. is readyfor service.

In operation, the unlocked position would have the parts as in Fig. 5.Where it will be seen that spring 23 in the boltlies between the wall ofthe base 14 and cylinder cam 22 and. in line with the The cut 18 in the.boltisto one side. Therefore, by pressing down the shackle, its beveledpoint will act on the. hood 16 to force the bolt on center againstspring. 23. As soon as this downward. motion of the shackle. brings out17 under the hood 16, the

spring 23 forces the bolt back. to its. normal position. andlocks theshackle. Then by turning the cylinder by its. key, the bolt rotates withit to the position. of. Fig. 3 which is approximately 180. fromtheposition of Fig. 5v and tumblers l0 Wil1.b.e in groove 9, In Fig. 3it is to be noted that. cam 22 is..now. nearest the shackle and thatit...ab.uts the. wall of. cut.21 in the bolt. Consequently, nostraightline motion. of the bolt can take placeandit cannot moveoffcenter because of ,the stopping action of cam 22 against the bolt and no.amountof. hammering or jarring of the body will release the shackle; itis held safely. from attack. To..open.the. padlock, the cylinder isrotated andas thepositionof Fig, 4 is reached, out 18.in.the bolt comes.opposite the shackle. to freev cut 17. from the .hood 16 andthe shackleis moved. upwardby. spring 5. Further rotation bringsthe partsto theposition of Fig. 5 at which pointthe tumblers 10. entertheir groove 8which completes the unlocking operation.

InFig, 9.is illustrated a structural modification of my inventionwherein. the changes are confined to.the cylinder, the bolt, the springacting be-. tween thetwo and thelocking end of the shackle. This shacklehas the usual cut 2% but the end below this cut isbeveled as at 25.(Figs. 13 and 14) for a purpose to be explained later. The cylinder 26is as'previously described except that instead of a cam there is a hub27 (Fig. 12) over which fits a spring '28. As before, the bolt consistsof a base 29, a neck 30 and a hood 31. The cut 32 extends the fullheight of the bolt and where it passes through the hood 31, one edge isbeveled as at 33. The bolt also has a concentric central o'pening34 intowhich the hub 2'7 fits (Fig. 15) so that, when.in.place, thebolt formsan.extensionpf.thecylinder and is of the same diameter as shown inFig. 1. In thebase 29 are irects .3 an fifir h .form rpi Whichc s s a.

stop for one end of spring 28, the other stop being the disc 37 attachedto the cylinder by screw 38. This disc serves to retain the cylinder asalready described. The upper offset 36 provides clearance for the boltto pass over the screw and disc as will appear later. This assembly ofcylinder, bolt and spring, asin the prior instance, are held in placedue to the small amount of clearance over the hood 31 (Fig. 9).

The cylinder and its associated parts are removed and assembled in amanner similar to that in the first form of lock described.

The unlocked positions are shown in Figs. 9 and 10 and to close thelock, the shackle is pressed down and in so doing, the beveled surface25 of the shackle bears. against the beveled surface 33 of the bolt.This cam action will rotate the bolt against the spring 28 until cut 32comes under the shackle and allows it to slip down until cut 24 is underthe edge of hood 31 and in this action the ofiset 36.-gives clearancefor screw 38 and prevents interference. As soon as this action iscomplete, spring 28 will force the-bolt around so that cut 32 moves awayfrom the shackle whichis then held by hood 31 in cut 24. inserted, thecylinder and the. bolt. are then both rotated to the locked position;approximately 180 from the position of Fig. 10. To unlock, the cylinderis turned by the key and as the bolt also turns, the cut 32 will comeopposite the shackle as in Fig. 11 and cut 24. in the shackle willdisengage from the .bolt, allowing the shackle to rise. it to theunlockedposition of Fig. 10 where the tumblers enter their groove andthe key can be I withdrawn.

From the foregoing it. will be seen that my in-.

vention possesses many advantages and benefits. The construction is.simple, rugged and easy to manufacture. Thebodyis asolid unit withoutopenings or weakened portions. so that there is safety from attack byjarring or hammering the body to free the shackle, removing the,cylinder or any other way. short of cutting through the.

shackle. The .number of moving parts is aminimum and by. the removal ofone screw, they may all be taken out and the assembly and insertion maybe done as quickly.

While I have illustrated my invention in a preferred form, I amnotlimited .thereto but include in my claims all the modifications. andvariations to which theinvention is susceptible.

I claim:

1. Ina padlock, the combination with a body and a. shackle, of a.cylinder, a, bolt, of circular shape, seated upon andconcentric with thecylinder upon which is a cam projecting into a recess in the bolt, aspring in said recess acting between saidcam-and bolt and means toretain said cylinder in the body.

2. In a padlock, a body, a shackle, a cylinder within the body, a boltseated upon the-cylinder, said bolt being concentric with the cylinderand normally lying within the outline thereof, and co-acting means onthe cylinder and bolt to permit thelatter to move off center away fromthe shackle.

3. In a. padlock, a body, a shackle, a cylinder within the body, a boltseated upon the cylinder, said bolt being concentric with the.cylinderand. normally lying within the outline thereof, and

co-acting means on, thecylinderand bolt to. per mit the latter to moveoff center away from the skle sn-i nerwition. ridtq. r ve tth The keybeing.

Further turning of the cylinder brings.

bolt moving away from the shackle when in another position.

4. In a padlock, the combination with a body and a shackle, of acylinder, a shackle engaging bolt having a releasing notch thereinseated upon and rotatable with the cylinder, the axis of the bolt beingconcentric with the axis of the cylinder, means to permit the bolt tomove off center in the locking operation, co-acting means upon saidcylinder and bolt to prevent such movement in the locked position, andmeans to retain the cylinder in the body.

5. In a padlock, the combination with a body and a shackle, of acylinder, a bolt of circular shape seated upon and concentric with thecylinder, said bolt having a recess facing the cylinder a member securedto the cylinder and disposed in said recess to effect rotation of thebolt by the cylinder, said bolt also having a limited movementindependently of the cylinder, and a spring acting between said memberand the bolt to maintain the latter in a predetermined position, andsaid bolt and shackle having interengaging parts to move said bolt outof the path of the shackle when the latter is inserted in the body.

6. In a padlock, the combination of a body, a shackle received inopenings in the body, a lock cylinder mounted in the body, a bolt ofcircular shape seated upon the cylinder, said bolt having its axisconcentric with the axis of the cylinder and normally lying within theoutline of the cylinder, means interconnecting the bolt and cylinder forrotation together and for limited movement of the bolt independently ofthe cylinder to engage the bolt with the shackle, said means comprisinga recess provided in the bolt, means upon the cylinder extending intosaid recess, and a spring acting between said last named means and thebolt to resist movement of the bolt independently of the cylinder.

7. A padlock comprising a body and a shackle, a key plug rotatablymounted in the body, a bolt of circular shape concentrically seated onthe key plug and having a limited movement with respect thereto, saidbolt having means to engage said shackle, and one of said members havinga cam to effect movement of the bolt independently of the plug to removethe bolt from the path of the shackle in its closing movement.

8. In a padlock, the combination with a body and a shackle, of acylinder, and a bolt of circular shape seated upon and concentric withthe cylinder there being a recess provided between the bolt and thecylinder, a member secured to the cylinder and engaged with the bolt toeffect rotation of the latter by the cylinder, said bolt also having alimited movement independently of the cylinder, and a spring in saidrecess acting upon said cylinder and bolt to maintain the latter in apredetermined position, and said bolt and shackle having interengagingparts to move said bolt out of the path of the shackle when the latteris inserted in the body.

9. In a padlock, the combination with a body, a shackle received inopenings in the body, a lock cylinder mounted in the body, a bolt ofcircular shape seated upon the cylinder, said bolt having its axisconcentric with the axis of the cylinder and normally lying within theoutline of the cylinder, means interconnecting the bolt and cylinder forrotation together and for limited movement of the bolt independently ofthe cylinder to engage the bolt with the shackle, said means comprisinga recess provided in the bolt, means upon the cylinder extending intosaid recess, and a spring acting between said bolt and cylinder toresist movement of the bolt independently of the cylinder.

10. A padlock including a case, a shackle mounted in the case, a keyplug rotatably mounted in the case in an opening cutting into theopening for the free end of the shackle toward one edge of the case andspaced by solid metal from the opening for the opposite end of theshackle at the opposite edge of the case, and a locking bolt rotatablymounted on the end of said plug and having a cam shaped to effectrotation of said bolt by engagement with the end of the shackle in itsclosing movement, said cam terminating in a lip to engage said shackleto lock it in its closed position.

11. A padlock including a case, a shackle mounted in the case, a keyplug rotatably mounted in the case in an opening cutting into theopening for the free end of the shackle toward one edge of the case andspaced by solid metal from the opening for the opposite end of theshackle at the opposite edge of the case, a locking bolt mounted on theend of said plug and rotatable thereon, and a lip projecting from thelocking bolt to engage with the shackle arm, one of said members havinga cam shaped to cause rotation of said bolt independently of the plug toremove said bolt from the path of the shackle in its closing movement.

12. In a padlock, a body and a shackle, a cylinder lock within saidbody, a bolt mounted on and rotating with said cylinder lock, said bolthaving a cut away portion to receive and release the shackle, retainingmeans secured to the cylinder to hold said cylinder in the body, andsaid retaining means normally lying below said cut away portion of thebolt to permit access to said retaining means.

13. A padlock comprising a body and a shackle, a lock cylinder mountedin the body, means secured to the cylinder to retain said cylinder inplace, and a bolt mounted on the cylinder, said retaining means alsoacting as an abutment to effect rotation of the bolt with the cylinder.

14. In a padlock, the combination with a body, of a shackle received inopenings in the body, a lock cylinder mounted in the body, a bolt ofcircular shape seated upon the cylinder, said bolt having its axisconcentric with the axis of the cylinder and normally lying within theoutline of the cylinder, means interconnecting the bolt and cylinder forrotation together and for limited movement of the bolt independently ofthe cylinder to engage the bolt with the shackle, said means comprisinga recess provided in the bolt, and means within said recess and actingbetween said bolt and cylinder to resist movement of the boltindependently of the cylinder.

ANDREW GAHAGAN.

